Advancements and Challenges in Electric Vehicle Adoption in India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55662/JST.2023.4402Downloads
Keywords:
Electric cars, Barriers, Principal component analysis, Usability, Infrastructure, Economic uncertainty, Performance, Agra, Government policiesAbstract
The paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the factors influencing electric vehicle (EV) adoption in India, with a particular focus on barriers related to usability, infrastructure, safety, economics, and performance. The study employs various statistical methods to analyze and discuss the findings, offering valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities for EV adoption in Agra City. Agra city has a very low level of uptake of electric cars (ECs), despite significant efforts put in place by policy makers to stimulate their use. This paper investigates the barriers to wider EC adoption via a survey in May, 2023 to a representative sample (N = 165) of the population of Agra City. We discuss and rank the barriers, we discuss and rank the barriers on the basis of mean, tested H0: All types of barriers have an equal effect on buying decision, through Chi-Square test. Also we discuss and rank the barriers aggregate them via principal component analysis (PCA) on the basis of the Varimax Rotated factor analysis to study the socio-economic determinants of the respondents. The findings of this paper suggest a series of improvements that could be made by various key players. To overcome the Barriers related to usability (BU), Barrier of infrastructure (BI), Barriers related to safety and technology (BST), Barriers related to economic uncertainty (BEU) and Barriers related to performance (BRP), the policy makers should recommend car manufacturers to bring cars to the market with solutions to these factors for the wider adoption of electric cars.
Downloads
References
Rebecca Carter; Andrew Cruden; Peter J. Hall, Optimizing for Efficiency or Battery Life in a Battery/Supercapacitor Electric Vehicle DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2012.2188551 (2012),
https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2012.2188551
Matthias Steinstraeter, Johannes Buberger, Katharina Minnerup, Dimitar Trifonov, Patrik Horner, Bastian Weiss, Markus Lienkamp, Controlling cabin heating to improve range and battery lifetime of electric vehicles (2022)
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etran.2022.100181
Hemant Harishchandra Kore, Saroj Koul Electric vehicle charging infrastructure: positioning in India ISSN: 1477-7835, 2022
Zeinab Moghaddam; Iftekhar Ahmad; Daryoush Habibi; Quoc Viet Phung; Smart Charging Strategy for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (2017)
https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2017.2753403
Julia Hildermeier, Christos Kolokathis, Jan Rosenow, Michael Hogan, Catharina Wiese and Andreas Jahn Smart EV Charging: A Global Review of Promising Practices (2019)
https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj10040080
Pareek, S., Sujil, A., Ratra, S., & Kumar, R. (2020, February). Electric vehicle charging station challenges and opportunities: A future perspective.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICONC345789.2020.9117473
Scott Hardman, Alan Jenn, Gil Tal, Jonn Axsen, George Beard, Nicolo Daina, Erik Figenbaum, Niklas Jakobsson, Patrick Jochem, Neale Kinnear, Patrick Plötz, Jose Pontes, Nazir Refa, Frances Sprei, Tom Turrentine, Bert Witkamp,
A review of consumer preferences of and interactions with electric vehicle charging infrastructure,2018, Pages 508-523, ISSN 1361-9209, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2018.04.002.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2018.04.002
Mariangela Scorrano, Romeo Danielis, Marco Giansoldati, Dissecting the total cost of ownership of fully electric cars in Italy: The impact of annual distance travelled, home charging and urban driving, Volume 80, 2020, ISSN 0739-8859, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2019.100799.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2019.100799
W.k. CHOW C.l. CHOW Electric vehicle fire hazards associated with batteries, combustibles and smoke Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 165 - 171, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1039341
Zhiqiang Lv, Observations and Reflections on Electric Automobile Industry Developments, 2019, ISSN 2706-655X Vol.1, Issue 1: 98-104, DOI: 10.25236/IJFET.2019.010110
Adheesh, S. R., Vasisht, M. S., & Ramasesha, S. K. (2016). Air-pollution and economics: diesel bus versus electric bus. Current Science, 110(5), 858-862. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24907969
Lívia Salles Martins, Lucas Fonseca Guimarães, Amilton Barbosa Botelho Junior, Jorge Alberto Soares Tenório, Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa, Electric car battery: An overview on global demand, recycling and future approaches towards sustainability, Journal of Environmental Management, Volume 295, 2021, 113091, ISSN 0301-4797, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113091.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113091
PMid:34171777
Xiaoning Xia, Pengwei Li, A review of the life cycle assessment of electric vehicles: Considering the influence of batteries, Science of The Total Environment, Volume 814, 2022, 152870, ISSN 0048-9697, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152870.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152870
PMid:34990672
M. Guarnieri, "Looking back to electric cars, "2012 Third IEEE HISTory of ELectro-technology CONference (HISTELCON), Pavia, Italy, 2012, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/HISTELCON.2012.6487583.
https://doi.org/10.1109/HISTELCON.2012.6487583
S. W. Hadley, "Evaluating the impact of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on regional electricity supplies," 2007 iREP Symposium - Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control - VII. Revitalizing Operational Reliability, Charleston, SC, USA, 2007, pp. 1-12, doi: 10.1109/IREP.2007.4410538.
https://doi.org/10.1109/IREP.2007.4410538
Pandey, Anoop and Manocha, Dr. Sanjay and Saini, Pankaj, A Study on an Automobile Revolution and Future of Electric Cars in India (April 4, 2020). International Journal of Management (IJM), 11 (3), 2020, pp. 107-113, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3568382.
T. Badhwar and A. Galodha, "Electric Vehicles: A Comprehensive Review on sustainable, financial, political-policy prowess and prospects in India with labour policies of China and Africa," 2022 IEEE International Power and Renewable Energy Conference (IPRECON), Kollam, India, 2022, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/IPRECON55716.2022.10059516.
https://doi.org/10.1109/IPRECON55716.2022.10059516
Belousov, E.V., Grigor'ev, M.A. & Gryzlov, A.A. An electric traction drive for electric vehicles. Russ. Electr. Engin. 88, 185-188 (2017). DOI https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068371217040034
https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068371217040034
Johannes Kester, Gerardo Zarazua de Rubens, Benjamin K. Sovacool, Lance Noel, Public perceptions of electric vehicles and vehicle-to-grid (V2G): Insights from a Nordic focus group study, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Volume 74, 2019, Pages 277-293, ISSN 1361-9209, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2019.08.006.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Akanksha Pathak, Prof. Vijay Kumar Gangal (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
License Terms
Ownership and Licensing:
Authors of this research paper submitted to the journal owned and operated by The Science Brigade Group retain the copyright of their work while granting the journal certain rights. Authors maintain ownership of the copyright and have granted the journal a right of first publication. Simultaneously, authors agreed to license their research papers under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License.
License Permissions:
Under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 License, others are permitted to share and adapt the work, as long as proper attribution is given to the authors and acknowledgement is made of the initial publication in the Journal. This license allows for the broad dissemination and utilization of research papers.
Additional Distribution Arrangements:
Authors are free to enter into separate contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work. This may include posting the work to institutional repositories, publishing it in journals or books, or other forms of dissemination. In such cases, authors are requested to acknowledge the initial publication of the work in this Journal.
Online Posting:
Authors are encouraged to share their work online, including in institutional repositories, disciplinary repositories, or on their personal websites. This permission applies both prior to and during the submission process to the Journal. Online sharing enhances the visibility and accessibility of the research papers.
Responsibility and Liability:
Authors are responsible for ensuring that their research papers do not infringe upon the copyright, privacy, or other rights of any third party. The Science Brigade Publishers disclaim any liability or responsibility for any copyright infringement or violation of third-party rights in the research papers.
Plaudit
License Terms
Ownership and Licensing:
Authors of this research paper submitted to the Journal of Science & Technology retain the copyright of their work while granting the journal certain rights. Authors maintain ownership of the copyright and have granted the journal a right of first publication. Simultaneously, authors agreed to license their research papers under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License.
License Permissions:
Under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 License, others are permitted to share and adapt the work, as long as proper attribution is given to the authors and acknowledgement is made of the initial publication in the Journal of Science & Technology. This license allows for the broad dissemination and utilization of research papers.
Additional Distribution Arrangements:
Authors are free to enter into separate contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work. This may include posting the work to institutional repositories, publishing it in journals or books, or other forms of dissemination. In such cases, authors are requested to acknowledge the initial publication of the work in the Journal of Science & Technology.
Online Posting:
Authors are encouraged to share their work online, including in institutional repositories, disciplinary repositories, or on their personal websites. This permission applies both prior to and during the submission process to the Journal of Science & Technology. Online sharing enhances the visibility and accessibility of the research papers.
Responsibility and Liability:
Authors are responsible for ensuring that their research papers do not infringe upon the copyright, privacy, or other rights of any third party. The Journal of Science & Technology and The Science Brigade Publishers disclaim any liability or responsibility for any copyright infringement or violation of third-party rights in the research papers.